Petroleum Processing

In petroleum processing involves two main processes, namely: 1. The process of separation 2. The process of conversion Refining process (refines) first of all is to change the component oil into fractions which sells a few types of distillation. Some chemical treatments and heating is carried out to improve the quality of crude oil derived products. For example in 1912 the demand gasoline exceeds supply and to meet the demand then used process of "warming" and "pressure" is high to change the fraction that is not expected. Large molecules into smaller ones in the gasoline boiling point range, This...

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Kerosene

Kerosene Use Kerosene as lighting in the developed countries increasingly reduced, now Kerosene used to heat. Use of the most important from Kerosene include: 1. Oil Lamps Kerosene as lamp oil is produced by direct distillation, the properties that must be considered when kerosene is used as lamp oil is: * Color There are various grades of kerosene color: - Water spirit (colorless) - Prime spirit - Standard spirit In India, users in the interior do not want to buy kerosene and white thinking This is the water and thought only of yellow or brown only that can burn well. * Nature of fuel Kerosene...

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Never Imagined

Construction of tankers in the picture beside. give an explanation to us how that weighs thousands of tons of oil transported to the export or import to various countries by using a tanker. you never imagined how the weight of the ship. and you have never imagined how the oil if it is sent by air or by land with a very large paylo...

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Gasoline

Gasoline can be made in several ways, among others; 1. Straight distillation of crude oil (straight run gasoline), where quality depending on the chemical composition of the ingredients. if contains many aromatic-aromatic and-naphten napthen will produce gasoline that do not knock (anti-knocking).   2. Merengkah (cracking) of the results of heavy oil, such as from oil gas and residue.   3. Merengkah (retor ming) of gasoline by weight of poorer quality.   4. Synthesis of low-carbon substances.   Gasoline is typically used as: 1. Motor fuel As a motor fuel noted there are several...

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CarbonBlack

Carbon black Carbon black is the charcoal must be made ​​by Incomplete combustion. Its use, among others as: - Materials in the manufacture of paints, printing inks and ink Gina. - Substance filler in rubber, especially in the manufacture of tires and bicycles. Carbon black is made with a gas flame into a field flat-cooled, charcoal is formed and then separated from the field and divided by subtlety. Methane containing 75% carbon will produce 4 or 4.5% of black substance and the rest is lost as smog, acid charcoal and so ...

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Gas fraction

Natural gas can be acquired separately or together with petroleum. Natural gas consists mainly of low-carbon chain alkanes which include methane, ethane, propane, butane and iso-butane. Natural gas can used as: 1. Household fuel or plant Natural gas is the cleanest fuel and practical, but gas nature has its ugliness is not berbaun (when compared with gas from coal) so that accidents often occur because of leaks. by So sometimes the gas is given a "smell" the smell is very little substance. Propane is one of the gas fraction at the company usually used as:   - Welding alloys of copper, aluminum...

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Petroleum industry's top 9 in the World

I will give you the information I get to the order of the petroleum industry's top 9 in the world. The first rank is held by Shell (Netherlands). Second Exxon Mobil (United State), BP third, fourth Chevron (U.S.), fifth TOTAL (France), sixth (Russia), seventh PetroChina (China), Petrobras-Petroleo Brasil eighth (Brazil), ninth Sinopec-China Petroleum (China). of the top nine oil industry may be able to contribute energy in the world because then the world will not lack energy and the users should be aware of the limitations of energy in this world for the future that will be go...

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I hope

I hope the world's oil companies can provide the best for the continuity of the citizens of this world as a never-ending exploration of nature makes it more natural, warm, unusual weather like this, like I want to go back to 12 years old I was. where trees, fog, water, and the coolness that makes this body feel fresh and healthy. I missed at my age at the time .. give the best for ...

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Sinopec-China Petroleum (China)

10 Sinopec-China Petroleum (China) Sales: 154.28 Profits: 7.43 Assets: 100.41 Market value: 93.50 Our final company is a mere infant compared to other names on this list. However, even though it is a youngster it is still a force to be reckoned with. Sinopec’s  business interests cover the whole spectrum of the oil and gas industry. Fact: The company opened the first drive-through petrol station and fast-food restaurant in China in 2007. Hopefully the restaurant enforces a strict no-smoking poli...

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Petrobras-Petróleo Brasil (Brazil)

9 Petrobras-Petróleo Brasil (Brazil) Sales: 92.08 Profits: 14.12 Assets: 120.68 Market value: 110.97 This huge semi-public company was the brainchild of the controversial Brazilian president Getúlio Vargas. Petrobras has interests in most areas of the hydrocarbons industry, but is a true world leader in the development of technology for deep-water and ultra-deep water oil production. Fact 1: To continue the football sponsorship theme, Petrobras sponsor Flamengo in Brazil and River Plate in Argentina. They also sponsor the Williams Formula 1 team and numerous arts and cultural projects....

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ENI (Italy)

8. ENI (Italy) Sales: 158.32 Profits: 12.91 Assets: 278.44 Market value: 135.10 Italy’s largest industrial company has interests across the hydrocarbons industry and produces around 1.7 million barrels per day of oil equivalent. The Italian government still has a 38% golden share in the company and has come under criticism from other members of the European Union for the over zealous exercising of its power of veto. Fact: AGIP, a subsidiary of Eni managed to break the monopoly of the major oil companies in the 1950s by offering the producer countries a contract where they received a...

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PetroChina (China)

7. PetroChina (China) Sales: 114.32 Profits: 19.94 Assets: 145.14 Market value: 270.56 Established in 1999, PetroChina is Asia’s biggest company and mainland China’s largest oil producer. The company is the stock market listed arm of the state owned energy giant China National Petroleum and enjoys a near duopoly in the Chinese market with Sinopec. The company is the highest placed Chinese company on the list. In fact with a market value of $270.56 billion (only bettered by ExxonMobil) PetroChina may well be disappointed only to finish in 14th place on the full Forbes list. Fact: The...

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Gazprom (Russia)

6. Gazprom (Russia) Sales: 97.29 Profits: 26.78 Assets: 276.81 Market value: 74.55 The labyrinthine workings of the Russian energy behemoth makes the Forbes judging criteria look like child’s play. Gazprom is the largest provider of natural gas in the world (or as the people of the Ukraine would tell you, the largest non-provider). With 16% of the world’s gas reserves as well as being involved in various projects across the globe, Gazprom finished a creditable sixth on our list. However after Russia cut off supplies to Ukraine in January many other countries experienced disruptions in...

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Total (France)

5. Total (France)    Sales: 223.15 Profits: 14.74 Assets: 164.66 Market value: 112.90 To give you an idea of how the big oil and gas companies dominated the main Forbes list,  the French energy giant finished in a lofty 11th place overall but could still only manage fifth on the oil and gas list. Another ‘supermajor’, the company has its headquarters in Paris, operates in more than 130 countries and has over 96,400 employees. Fact: In typical French style, the company was founded after a partnership offer from Royal Dutch Shell was abruptly rejected by the French...

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Chevron

4. Chevron (United States) Sales: 255.11 Profits: 23.93 Assets: 161.17 Market value: 121.70 The California-based ‘supermajor’ is another ‘baby’ Standard and was originally known as Standard Oil of California. The company has interests in over 180 countries and has  numerous joint venture projects in the Middle East. Fact: When the company was known as Standard Oil of California, a subsidiary, California-Arabian Standard Oil Company, was responsible for finding the world’s largest oilfield, the Ghawar field in Saudi Arabia. The subsidiary evolved into the Arabian American Oil Company...

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BP

3. BP (United Kingdom)    Sales: 361.14 Profits: 21.16 Assets: 228.24 Market value: 119.70 The British company has maybe the most interesting history on the list. The initial incarnation of BP was granted a concession by the Shah of Iran in 1901 to search for oil. Seven years later the company made the first significant discovery in the Middle East. The 70 years that the company remained in Iran were full of political intrigue and included bogus claims of communism, military coups and the eventual renationalising of BP’s assets (with no compensation being paid to the company)...

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ExxonMobil (United States)

2. (4) ExxonMobil (United States)   Sales: 425.70 Profits: 45.22 Assets: 228.05 Market value: 335.54 Were it not for the vagaries of Forbes’s judging criteria the American energy giant would be number one on both lists. In fact why ExxonMobil is not the top company is anyone’s guess. What else does it have to do? The company shouldn’t lose too much sleep over it. If there was a list for the companies least affected by the current economic downturn it would take something very special (or Forbes-like vague judging criteria) to knock ExxonMobil off the top spot. The company’s CEO,...

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Royal Dutch Shell (Netherlands)

Royal Dutch Shell (Netherlands) Sales: 278.19 Profits: 12.52 Assets: 287.64 Market value: 168.63 Europe’s largest oil company posted an amazing 90% increase in earnings for 2010 and it looks like a strong fourth quarter 2010 oil price rally which hovered around US$90 helped it to end the year US$18.6 billion better off. At the time of the Gulf of Mexico oil spill, CEO Pete Voser did voice concern over how it could affect the industry, suggesting that it could significantly impact offshore operations, resulting in potentially more regulation and higher costs. The wholesale sell off of...

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Oil Prices Hit Aviation Industry

The increase in world oil prices post-political turmoil in several oil-producing countries in the Middle East in the last year has hit the world aviation industry. The rise in oil prices into the low profits in the airline industry this year. "Over the past decade, we have conducted large-scale efficiencies. In 2001, in order to profit, we expect oil prices below 25 dollars a barrel. But, in fact, now the oil price reached 110 U.S. dollars per barrel. With these conditions , we can only expect a slim advantage, "said IATA Director General and CEO Giovanni Bisignani of IATA's Annual meeting in...

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OPEC Not Add Production, Oil Back U

Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) to maintain production levels remain unchanged in the range of 24.84 million barrels per day (bpd) at a meeting Wednesday (08/06/2011) local time in Vienna. The decision was membuay crude oil prices remain high in the global marketplace. Previously, traders speculated that OPEC will push production to help lower high oil prices. "We regretted not reach a consensus at this time to decrease or increase our production," said OPEC Secretary General Abdullah El-Badri said after the meeting. OPEC, whose 12 member countries, while maintaining...

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